Impact of Education and Certified Seeds on Wheat Production in Kohat, Pakistan
Arif Ullah
College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China.
Syed Noor Muhammad Shah *
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University D. I. Khan, Pakistan and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China.
Zheng Shaofeng
College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China.
Munir Khan
Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Shahid Ali
Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the impact of education and certified seed on wheat production in district Kohat, Pakistan. For the purpose, proportional allocation sampling technique was used and total of 100 respondents randomly selected to get necessary information. Simple budgeting technique was used for cost and return of wheat production. The econometric technique, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) OLS estimation model was used to analyze contribution of major factors in the wheat yield. The sign of explanatory variables were found according to our prior expectation of the economic theory. The estimated results of production function indicated that farm yard manure(FYM), total fertilizer nutrient applied and labor days had positive and significantly effect on wheat yield, seed rate had positive but insignificant effect on wheat yield. The impact of both Dummy variables i.e. education and certified seed was positive and significantly affect wheat yield. Finally, it was suggested that there is the need for strengthening agricultural extension services in the study area in order to educate the farming community to ensure the use of recommended certified seed and modern agriculture technology for getting high yield of wheat crop.
Keywords: Education, fertilizers, production function, wheat, yield